Poetry Editor
Leo Yankevich
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The New Formalist is published biannually
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Leo Yankevich
Mark Allinson
Revolutionary II
(After "The Revolutionary" by D.H.Lawrence)
Yes, I see them standing there
with white, metallic, tin-slit lips,
insisting that they care, they care
aggressively, with hands on hips.
Caryatids with such a task
to carry heaven on their head,
their face a metal ideal mask,
fixed and pale and dull as lead.
They yearn, aspire, and seek above,
ignoring all beneath their feet
and name their ideal vision “love”
when it is merely self-deceit.
They know precisely what “should be”,
and what is “proper” “good” and
“right”
and since their only skill’s to see
they’re planning to out-law the night.
I see them, here, as clear as you
saw them eighty years ago,
they have not changed, they will not do
a thing to move, they cannot flow
and ripple with a living pulse
of energy, changing course,
bounding, leaping true and false,
instinctive as a wild horse.
I see them holding up their sky
of stoney heaven, painted blue,
but when it cracks and pieces fly
they’ll envy Lords of Hell like you.
William Orem
Ash
At ten I touched a finger to a white stove ring
to see if pain would come.
So much of what you told me was a lie.
Dear Dad, there is no resurrection by a shining King;
your body ash we sifted into pools
and tributaries of the Chesapeake. I saw that tide
transport you out to rippled nothingness,
your form as gossamer as early Spring, that brow
whose blankness was more frightening than fury.
The day we let you go was calm. The world
wherein all love that ever was takes place
surrounded us, and bore you down. And now
your shadow’s length, I find, lies nowhere on my
floor.
How shall I lie? To claim our dissolution had not started long
before?
Washington DC 1979
The autumn wind sluiced through the homeless boys
where I was young. You must in them
see God, the Jesuits explained. As in the mugger Christ.
Christ chased me with a swinging chain. He took
my watch and twelve year-old repose; bent
this shrieking lady’s windshield with concrete. At
night
we went out to the trestle rails, far from the city’s
fright
and clutch. Safe in that weedy dark
we’d leap the lines from moony steel to steel
and dance upon the ties,
shout out the names of passing cargo cars
and, fearless now, taunt fate’s approaching
wheel—
to tumble always from the final light,
those wondrous rising beams.
Leo Yankevich
The July Sun Over Lebanon
She hears bombs raze the nunnery.
She hears F-16s on their way
back to Israel, to reload
new bombs sent from America.
Blinding smoke burns in her eyes
and shrouds the limbs of terrorists,
boys and girls from grammar school
who in the spring first learned to count.
K.A. Hays
Epithalamium
Fall. We walk the forest, trace the rise
of color in the hills. Out past the birches
(gold of harvest, gold to stir the sky
into its blessing), pines stand firm—
they hold their hue. Today we praise the blend
of maples, joy, that coppery burn that leaps
before the eye. But also we join hands
to welcome winter, when the orange retreats
and green—that constant, love—wins back the
gaze.
Today we vow to walk in winter, teamed
and tough, that we may see the seasons age
with all the grace of pines. To shed, to bend,
to know these woods. And in our years, to be
as grateful—as we are today—for green.
Intrusion
Spring’s first chives, those slim insurgents, stab
winter’s sticks; the old hive’s sloughing layers
greyly down, drifting, flinging a fine ash
over the compost, steaming mess, eater
of anything thrown. Even inanimate
junk has an urge to control, seems to care
how it powers and whom. But maybe not—
hard to tell when the mind inserts itself
everywhere, looking for likeness. Say we let
the old nest be only a bulbous shell
abandoned, honeycomb caught dangling half
out in the air, just substance, nothing else—
even then one imagines the bees, back
when the hive sang honey, slower, golder
than truth, and the self reaches, tastes, and is sad.
As If a Lapse of Self Were Likely
Here the flat-cropped clouds. A heckled ridge,
some storm-warped pines, a grosbeak. A separateness
to things: a branch, a boulder. Here the wind,
the summit—this. What else could we expect
but such a view? Some mental height?
Ridiculous—but we've come far. I'd like to see
the mountain shrug its firs off—some mute
abandonment to air. A rock, a tree's
contagion. Familiar need, to be unbound
from all this wreckage—the hemmed in cliffs and steep
collapses
of the mind—to want confluence, hunkering down
in someone else. In thinner air, it's as if a lapse
of self were likely. It is not. We stand
with shoulders touching. Look at this strange land.
The Seasoning
Rain’s undressing the maples. We walk back
to the felled ash hauling tools, boots mucked
with grit, soles sunk in the moldering rug
beneath the beeches. They hold some color: a gold
that clings through storms. As if you know them well
you touch the lengths of ash, limbed and bucked
months back. “Wet through,” you say, prop up
a round and lift the maul. It drops, serene
as time. My task’s in piling pieces up
like sleepers in a crowded place. You're patient,
know the need to work: last days to save
the wood before the freeze, before the grim
pocked nights when ice-cased twigs snap off
and even the bears bed down. Our pile’s tall.
We spread the tarp on it, blue dome to the fuel
that would go rotten otherwise, bolt
it down with granite slabs and leave the ash
to age as one would leave a plum unripe
in sun. If we could stay as we are now—
two hats, four gloves, four boots soaked almost
black, some underwear, two pairs of pants
that keep the creases knees made in them, slung
from beams above the stove, our bodies close
as bowls—impossible. To lie in blankets,
drying, beyond change. Even now
we hear it, the wild predictable tap, the sleet
that tells us through the roof that it is here,
that we are seasoning wood, our tarp
is thin, and may not hold.
Jared Carter
The Solitude of the Soul
In stone, four life-sized nude figures, two male
and two female, posed around and halfway emerging from, or captured
by, an indistinct central volume.
By the American sculptor Lorado Taft,
1860-1936. In the collection of the Art Institute of
Chicago.
Silence made tangible, serenely caught
In bounded space. Pure form revealed, stripped bare,
Bereft of guises and disguises. Ought
Matters not, nor might have been. They wear
Each other’s presence like a flower, yet find
No comfort in the vine of outstretched hands
That draws them close. No mortal sleep could bind
Such distances. In dreams, we understand
But cannot have. Awake, we strive to know
But still must journey on. Yet here, a flame
Moves warily among these polished forms,
Seeking through art what life cannot bestow—
The moment come again, the touch, the name.
As lightning’s torch is herald to the storm.
Seventh Decade
It is the broken sinew, and the crash
Of bone, that signal how the fire will burn
More brightly now, and yet leave only ash
And embers banked against the day’s return.
Within the narrow confines of the heart,
Where random choices come to sudden fusion,
There must be room for darkness, else the art
Of making whole engenders mere illusion.
The wound that does not heal, the ivory bow—
Approach these gifts with dread. They signify
A sacrifice that points us through the maze.
All too familiar—that we think we know
The way, or that this moment cannot die.
Verse lasts, but fire fades, and so do days.
Wiley Clements
Aubade
Coming to consciousness
long before dawning,
listen to tinnitus,
singing cicadas.
Contented to cancel
the dolor of dreaming,
and grateful to showers
that patter the shingles,
O would that we never
awoke to anxiety;
rain and cicadas
sufficient society.
For Trumbull Stickney
Poet, sojourner in death, life’s intermezzo,
I would you knew that on my table lie
these many copies of your “In Ampezzo”
ready to rise and fly
to many a place where friends in summer wander,
to whom I send for purest pleasure’s sake
your pines by sullen coasts, your oleander
reddening on the lake.
The Great Boulder, Colorado, Flood
In spring of eighteen ninety-four
the Rockies danced in driving rain
a dozen days and nights or more.
The Flatirons leaned above the plain
where Boulder lay like an innocent lamb.
The flood rolled down like a runaway train
and struck like a battering ram.
Not a barn or bridge or dwelling place
where Boulder Creek went raving by
but fell before the torrent's race,
and it took two years for the town to dry.
Chickens had to swim or die
as people learned to roost in trees
and sows taught piglets how to fly.
Facts as true as any of these
will spin from history’s centrifuge
till nature trumps our memories
in another hundred year deluge.
Daphne
No one was so tender,
the simple length and green.
No one now so slender,
fading, sad, and lean.
A warm, wooden heart
palpitates within;
branches spread apart
to gather of the wind.
Tom Riley
Quiet Time
The noisy children made her sigh or scream.
The quiet children haunted her for ages.
It was so loud, it couldn’t be a dream.
The noisy children made her sigh or scream.
They seemed to work together as a team,
to work her into thirteen different rages.
The noisy children made her sigh or scream.
The quiet children haunted her for ages.
Sally Cook
Another Species
Each time you felt some shame you could confess
Those sins you had committed, but, instead,
You whispered a revision, something less,
In someone’s ear in yet another bed.
That is to say you were quite off your head,
And took it out on everyone you knew.
Your failings never flagged; your heart seemed dead
As each sly dance of courtship went askew.
Tangled and driven, thoughtless, always you
Would promise all, returning nothing much
But pain. Still, there were those quite eager to
Receive this bounty, once your fickle touch
Had been desired. Fat, balding, only then
Too late you wept for things that might have been.
The Bookkeeper & The Barkeep
Light dims at quarter to three, and the sun
Leaves you in the bar at the close of day.
I labor, billing the ladies, for fun
They’ve had as they passed through their latest phase.
As I count the costs of their gluttony,
Total the tax, then politely send bills
It is always just a quarter to three
When the fat birds hop on the windowsills.
You work the bar as the members arrive.
Lonely wives chitchat, come on to you there.
Why do we do this? It keeps us alive,
In a sense. I could use a drink down where
You are in the bar, and I’ll get me one,
Soon as that drunk and these bar bills are done.
Joel Lamore
Wraxen
Wraxen: overstretched, strained.
—Brewer’s Dictionary
The wheel on a child’s bike, spokes slightly bent;
an ankle, broken once, and never quite
the same; or any mind once innocent
can take us home again, though we must fight
the more a pedal's stubborn catch, or limp,
diverting weight and torque away from scarred
and painful joints, or take firm hold and crimp
the fairy's lacy wings, and do what's hard.
The world is harsh to broken things, it's true,
but tolerates the unbroken but impaired.
The lizard on the wall, it’s tail askew,
for instance. Notice those scales, fine crepe
along the tail so bright and free of wear,
which tell of danger, once, and then escape.
Taxonomy
Hold the page up to the light to check,
and classify it as invertebrate.
It’s flexible and spineless, kin to sponge,
or flatworm, yet, a thing indefinite.
It has no mouth that can be seen, nor senses.
The stroke or prick of pen, a cut or tear
provokes no motion, not a wince or ripple:
insensate, then, and fed by light or air.
One cannot tell the dorsal from the ventral;
its body’s thin and flat and terminates
in four right angles (few specimens will differ)
and, to the naked eye, each edge is straight.
Its coloring can vary, though this one,
like most, is an albino, which suggests
its kind spent eons sunk where darkness reigns,
and by forgetting light, the darkness dispossessed.
We’d have to make the thing, had nature not,
so well it bears the burden of our thoughts.
David Castleman
Darwin’s boner
Throughout fierce hours our brute forefather won
this crowning hope, translation of the son,
thumped his broad chest, & when his woods had rung
with bellowing preludes of his thundering tongue,
with hopes half-born, with burnng tears half-shed,
bowed his terrible abandoned head,
& arms uncouth, & knees unfit to kneel,
wailed ineffable ultimate appeal.
Mad heavens heard, himself it was who gave
a gift who made him master & not slave,
& in this angst-writ horror of his fate
his primal wail broke half-articulate,
as a weird flame, past knowing, past control,
gathered through eyes, & blazed, & was a soul.
with Frederick Myers
the crucial stigmata
Our goat’s been tethered through the middle-east
diabolically where the tiger ceased
worrying pathways toward the pit
the goat and we had dug for it
and now nothing remains but to feast, feast.
Christian myth says hell’s acoming.
Who finds no possibility he might
admire the imbeciles who run these things
my understanding’s disrespecting brings
niggling compunctions I should feel contrite.
These evilest of evil criminals
whose pursed effectual spouses share the apt
and garrisoned spoilings, nicely contrapt
disparagement of truth to praise the false.
Individually speaking, a robot
whose mumbling of psychophagy contrives
to build itself existence through our lives
understands the individual is not.
Masculine competitiveness is his
holiest holy and God’s abandoned
his virtual morality that’s atoned
for any of his early decencies.
Richard O’Connell
Lives of the Poets
Edna St. Vincent Millay
Was a hell of a lay.
One day like a queen
She took on 17.
Bishop* had to wait
For the flock to pass the plate.
* John Peale Bishop, according to a recent
biography
Robert Frost
Liked to get lost
In woods full of snow
Drinking Old Crow
(But sober or drunk
Was a bit of a skunk).
Ernest Hemingway
Was definitely not gay.
No bigger macho
Ever put on a poncho
And uncorked a louder Ole!
Rudyard Kipling
Was never a stripling.
He was born with a sash
And imperial moustache
But fell into disapprobation
When he wrote “The Knight of the King’s
Castration.”*
* or “The King’s Last Ball”
Thomas Hawks
Shooting the Moon
Yahtzee and Screw Your Neighbor. 31
My grandmother coughs and antes in her nickel
As the campfire cracks and pops, a flicker
Of burn still live somewhere in the spent pine.
For hours outside our trailer laughing women
Have called and passed. They’ve knocked and taken
tricks
Around a little candle, which attracts
Stray moths with dark wings stiff as drying cotton:
A fabric from the sky—spun, measured, clipped.
Or maybe that’s just women shuffling cards,
That noise out in the dark like sharpened knives
Shearing the frayed threads loose. Maybe they’ve kept
Playing the hands they’ve practiced all their lives:
Spite and Malice. 13. Bullshit. Hearts.
Arlene
Outside your ward, unsteady with clematis
Plank fences sway. A high tide eddies in
Through hissing rocks and sparkling breaks its lattice
Along the shore. Tonight a hurricane
Unravels storm fronts over the Atlantic
Like dancers’ sleeves and, when the ward nurse comes,
We talk about the sky, how near and dark,
How strong winds turn before they’re given names.
It’s hard to fathom. Even in Tallahassee
Where you were supposed to wait for nothing
The sky still darkens, mothers say we’ll see
To restless children, who see the water glittering
While one more body’s dropped beneath our talk
The way a sun burns through the ocean’s silk.
Nativity Scene
A blue spruce lets its needles drop
along the floor. They’re dry and sharp,
a rain of little turquoise pins
falling among ceramic kings.
Above their heads an angel’s traced
the small hot bulb pierced through her waist
and tries again to sing. Again
her lungs fill up with porcelain.
And glass thin as a fish’s skull
emerges wet and beautiful,
emerges like an infant star.
Shepherds below sing gloria.
I check my son’s quick breath and pulse.
His tender, star-shaped fontanels
begin to close. So do my heart’s
bare chambers, terrorized to quartz.
Annabelle Moseley
Villanelle: On Watching The Sunset in Assisi
The disbelief of beauty’s strange effects
That seized me in Assisi made me pause.
The willing loss of knowing what comes next
Took me by surprise. A hilltop sunset wrecks
With soft determination, and because
The disbelief of beauty’s strange effects
Was anesthesia, sinking orange flecks
Of color numbed like Novocain on jaws.
I willed the loss of knowing what comes next.
It was enough to stand there. Purple necks
Of clouds spread out, en masse; this was the cause
Of disbelief. And beauty’s strange effects
Can choke a person. (Sometimes you expect
Your splendor opens doors-or doors are closed by flaws.)
I willed the loss of knowing what comes next:
The one I’ll love, which poems will rest in texts
To be remembered. This sunset was the cause:
The disbelief of beauty’s strange effects,
The willing loss of knowing what comes next.
Waking in Umbria
“il cuor verde
d’Italia”—Giosue Carducci
Carducci wrote a poem about the place,
And called it the green heart of Italy—
This Umbria—I thought I’d disagree,
When we arrived at night. The landscape’s face
Was darkness without streetlights, showed no trace
Of pulsing color—just obscurity.
This shadow spot, due east of Tuscany
Would have to hang in mystery for the space
Between sunset and dawn. I rose at nine
And walked the lime and olive-colored earth,
The artichoke, the undulating land
Enfolded in the rolling Apennines.
I passed through chestnut groves, and felt the worth
Carducci wrote of here; deeper than planned.
Umbrian Pastoral
A winter morning, ripe with warmth and sun,
The roosters, restless, pacing in their coop
And I out walking separate from the troop
I’d traveled with, because I had begun
To tire of their gossiping. I shun
The artless conversations of a group
Conceived in idleness, the gutless goop
That with the aimed precision of a gun
Will shoot, yet always miss the truth it sought.
The valley of Perugia was stretched
Before me, fields of farmland, gold and green,
The nearby church bells rang; their sound was caught
And spread upon the air, a pureness etched
With accurate precision, though unseen.
On The Expensive Shops in Venice
The commerce in the bright and garish stalls
Of gleaming masks and jewelry, souvenirs,
Is offset by the fading plaster walls,
The eyes of rounded windows, shutter ears
That hang open, or broken, and take in
The pastel dusk of sunlight, winter air,
The sidewalk cobblestones that stretch grey skin
Beneath the painted ruin and disrepair.
Venice is falling, sinking every day.
You feel a burial under your feet,
The unavoidable but slow decay
That lingers in the loveliest of streets.
This city sells itself with its last breath,
But I am purchased by its quiet death.
David Castleman
Divine Courtesies Are Affectations
Our wisest noggins proclaim that sin is merely
error, although such apostasy reduces spiritual representations to
the merest of virtual vulgarities, and in reasonable response
we’d desist trying, but we are undoubtedly the cruelest of
available species, and Eddy, who was unreasonably ill-favored, told
me in the fullest assurance of his innocence, that his mother and
his sisters fancied the circumstance a knee-slapper.
Eddy was, of course, too stupid for feelings,
and ugly, so nobody bothered to like him. His bulging family
occupied a huge cubish house whose walls of rot were so
white-washed the great monstrosity resembled a huge injured
sugar-cube the moon had spit at the earth. Neighbors shunned the
lot of ‘em because their clothing was always soiled, and
stunk idly.
The family’s teeth were like the stones in
a neglected cemetery, ranging among the yellows to black with nary
a white, and often awry.
Once Eddy showed me through his house, and
introduced me to his family’s only bathroom. Slipped from the
toothbrush holder like a felon from a gibbet, on the sink lay the
world’s foulest toothbrush, bristles deformed like shattered
fingers and twisted around anyway toward the back of the unhappy
brush, with gunkies chunked everywhere on its gnawings. Its color
was not one of earth’s colors. I wondered if it stunk, or if
it stank.
I said, in a stricken voice, fascinated by the
ungodly abomination., “What’s that?”
Eddy said, “That’s our
family’s toothbrush,” simply.
Books!
Junkshops are a secular marvel, he wondered, as
wayfaring through a shop he found a table wholly caparisoned with
books, hundreds of books, mostly new books and newish books
although a spattering of the books consisted of oldish books. He
saw one old trouper of a book explaining lessons in sophomoric
French grammar, and a treatise on algebraic conundrums written
ostensibly in some antediluvian ursprache, and books by bitterly
virginal English ladies who dictated with extended pinkies in
salutation to their sublimated desires, and books on roasting
seal-fat in Athabascan igloos, and books by Adam Clarke humbly
crowing that Jesus actually announced Himself an English gentleman,
and books concerning gardening in the bathroom.
His fingers idly strolled among the sprung
spines as he watched, equally idly, a great-beaked geezer gathering
into a pile a moiety of the oldish books. His eyes drifted, and his
eyes drifted, and a contact established between them, demanding
expiation.
The geezer spoke, “Them’s books, all
on ‘em’s books. Long evenings I sits in me favorite
chair ‘membring me past, and I’se surrounded by books,
lots of books, tons of books, loads of books, books, books, and
more books. They’s books on shelves, books on the table, and
a book of prayer ‘gainst the wall. As I looks I sees books,
and books, and I sees them books and I knows what books is, and
them’s books, books.”
Women are the Strangest Animals
Sports is what matters in life, and ain’t
that a fact, and the game was on the tube as I sucked a brewski
while the bad guys were winning. I’d always hated those
bastards, but what goes around comes around, I figure, and I
ain’t often wrong.
Moira was doing dishes in the sink, and she
moaned kind of softly like she was calling to a kitten that’d
just fallen out of a tree and landed with its neck on the blade of
a shovel that was leaning among pink geraniums where all the little
volcanic pebbles were gathered.
Then she made a yelp deep in her throat, and she
called as if crying in a soft small voice, “George.”
She didn’t call loud, because I guess she was too hurt for
that, but she did call kind of urgent.
“Yes,” I said, since I wasn’t
helping the team too much, and they weren’t helping me too
much, and anyway the game was almost over.
“Did you,” she said, “see the
blue coffee cup with those cute little pink dancing mousies on it?
You know, the one with those darling little laughing kitties on
it?”
“No,” I said. “Isn’t it
there?”
She said, “No, it’s not, and I
can’t find it anywhere,”
I set down the brewski, after draining the
backwash, and I uncoiled from the deep thick chair I bought at a
yard sale. I strode manfully into the kitchen, because it was a
time of crisis, and I said, “Are you sure?
I too stared into the cupboard, and riffled
among the cups. I rubbed my manly chin, and said, “It’s
not here.”
“That’s,” she said,
“what I was telling you.”
“Is it in your car?”
“No,” she said.
“Well, then,” I said, “where
can, it be? Cups,” I said, “can’t just get up and
stroll,”
“I don’t know,” she
murmured.
Standing beside her by the cupboard my arm was
draped loosely around the back of her neck hidden in the fold of
her hair just the way I knew she liked it, not aggressively. It was
a friendly possessiveness as any friendliness must be.
I said, “That was one of my favorites,
baby.”
“Mine, too,” she said.
My brother, Jeff, and I were fishing one day
some years ago, even though the rain was ruining the landscape and
disenjoying the taste of our brews. We grumbled about wives, who
haunt junkshops hoping for prizes and who bring home the most
hideous coffee cups, and similar ill-favored goodies.
We made a pact.
Since we spent Christmases together, having
married sisters, and since we spent those days at alternate homes,
whichever man was leaving would receive a cup of jo, or a cup of
tea, for the ride home. The pact was that that one particular cup
was never to be returned, never to be mentioned. But since wives
are sneaky, we had to be careful.
Joseph S. Salemi
Pusillanimous
Plainness:
Why Modern Wordsmiths are
Wimps
Sir, I perceive that you are a vile Whig. Good
afternoon.
—Attributed to Samuel Johnson
I’ve always admired Dr. Johnson for his
forthrightness. If he thought something he said it, and if he said
it he didn’t mince words. What a contrast with the pathetic
little worms of today, who are constitutionally incapable of
committing themselves to anything without a dozen qualifications
and hedged bets!
We live in a contemptible world of deference,
compromise, talking points, focus groups, consensus-mongering, and
self-censorship. Everyone is expected to be solicitous of other
people’s sensitivities. It’s one of the bad side
effects of rampant democracy. A straightforward expression of
one’s views is considered bad manners, or even
fascistic.
My readers are probably thinking “Here we
go again—another one of Salemi’s reactionary
rants.” But if you can put that visceral response aside for a
moment, I’ll explain why this has an important bearing on
poetry, regardless of one’s political views.
Good poetry depends on a lot of things: native
talent, early exposure to literature, careful training, and many
other imponderable factors. But one thing is absolutely
indispensable if you are going to do anything worthwhile at all in
poetry. That thing is an unbroken connection between perception and
speech.
You might think that everyone has such a link.
You’d be wrong. Only a portion of the human race enjoys an
absolutely solid connection between their senses, their brains, and
their vocal cords. Most people have a merely adequate juncture
between the three, which allows them to get through life with a
minimum of friction. Others have a barely functioning link that
scarcely enables them to express themselves. In short, language
facility is frequently at a low wattage level in persons,
regardless of their intelligence.
Now this is perfectly OK. You don’t need
the eloquence of Cicero to handle your affairs. You just have to
make your needs known, and do your work satisfactorily. And a
modest command of language is sufficient for those ends. Anyone who
has lived in a foreign country will tell you how surprisingly short
a time it takes to pick up the rudiments of the language, and to
get by at a simple level of communication.
But if you are going to enter the world of
letters, then it’s a different story. You’ve got to be
much more than adequate. You have to be very, very good when it
comes to linguistic skills. And here I’m referring to
something that training can’t give you.
To get anywhere as a writer, you have to have an
immediate, unbroken, and unhesitating link between thinking and
speech. Your words have to follow your thoughts as effortlessly as
a good electrical circuit obeys a switch. You can’t dither,
or grope for words, or second-guess yourself, or be tongue-tied.
You have to spit out perfect language the way an AK-47 spits out
rounds.
The people who are naturally good at this sort
of thing tend to enter the “verbalist” professions.
They become teachers, lawyers, scholars, politicians, clergy, and
journalists. They also make excellent salesmen, therapists,
carnival barkers, con-men, novelists, and middle management types.
And a small percentage of them become poets.
Now the great paradox of modernity and its
information explosion is that, while on the one hand we require
more and more linguistic skills from human beings, we are
simultaneously limiting and constricting those skills by external
sanction. In effect we tell people the following: “Express
yourself more and more precisely, but WATCH OUT. Be lucid about
everything, but DON’T OFFEND. Make sure we understand you,
but BE CONSCIOUS OF PROPRIETY.”
As a result of this bifurcated message, we have
made almost everyone deeply uncomfortable with language. In the
Western world at least, most persons are measurably less articulate
and voluble than their grandparents were. Whatever feeble
connection existed between their thought and their speech is made
even weaker by their fear of saying the wrong thing.
Because this problem is systemic it affects
everyone, including poets. Genuine poets (whose linguistic
apparatus should normally run as smoothly as a well-tuned V-8
engine) have become uncertain and hesitant about language. If I may
continue the automotive metaphor, poets who should be flooring the
accelerator are instead riding their brakes. Time and again, I read
poets who should be writing superbly and fluently, and I find them
hobbled by hesitation. Why should this be?
It’s because they have been infected with
the poisonous distrust of language that floats like an airborne
plague in modernity’s atmosphere. Somehow they have gotten it
into their heads that fluency is suspect, and that
“responsible” writers ought to unconsciously check
themselves at every moment lest an untoward phrase or misunderstood
turn of speech escape their pens.
Compounding the problem for poets, of course, is
the continuing pernicious influence of modernism in the arts. Like
sentimental Marxism at a faculty meeting, this superannuated
aesthetic still lingers even when unspoken. For nearly a century
now it has been drilled into poets that they must hold back and
muzzle their rhetorical skills if they are to be taken seriously in
the arts. This attitude produces what you might call
“reflexive minimalism” in poetry, even when that poetry
is written by self-proclaimed formalists.
When I bring these points up in conversation
with other poets, they frequently argue that a good poet is
naturally expected to be careful with language—that’s
his job. If poems are well-wrought linguistic artifacts, they
claim, we have to put them together thoughtfully, n’est-ce
pas?
That argument misses the point. No one expects a
good poet to be careless with language. But care is not the same
thing as fear. Straining after the proper word or image is
normal, but allowing one’s range and skill as an artist to be
trumped by a dread of being too effective is not. When I read the
limpingly inexact meter of some formalists, or their inept slant
rhymes, or their superstititious devotion to colloquial diction, or
their unvaried subject-verb-object syntax, or their mind-numbing
plain style... well, I want to scream out in pain.
It’s as if these poets had the
taped-recorded voice of some prim maiden aunt or high school civics
teacher in their heads—a voice that keeps repeating
admonitions such as “Don’t go too far now!” or
“Restrain your impulses!” or “Remember that less
is more!” And poets are afraid to shut that damned tape
recording off.
When I think of such poets, I am reminded of the
terrible scourge of anorexia that afflicts thousands of unfortunate
women today. Picture those hideous neurotics, starving themselves
into Dachau-like mannequins as they obsess about an abstract and
chimerical beauty... women who have to be force-fed like Strasbourg
geese to stay alive. Too many poets are starving their art in an
analogous manner. They refuse to be nourished by the traditions and
practices that gave life to the poetry of the past.
Do we want an anorectic poetry? Do we want an
aesthetic of barebones Puritanical plainness? It would seem that
many of us do. Combine that pathological need with a generalized
fear and distrust of straightforward speaking, and you get the
barren moonscape that poets now live in.
Let’s return to the sagacious Dr. Johnson.
In a Rambler essay he once opined that the worst sort of
impertinence was that of the man who “keeps the exuberance of
his faculties under visible restraint.” Dear old Dr. Johnson!
He would have been appalled at the strangulated discourse and
stifling constriction of poetry in our time. But then again, he
lived in a saner age.
David Castleman
William Shakespeare, AS YOU LIKE IT
Excruciatingly seldom do we speak directly one
to another, but chat toward an imaginary persona our minds develop
to supplant the living breather we’re confronted by. Such an
exchange isn’t only a manifestation of our limitations but
registers a vital defense. Every playfully intelligent fellow talks
thusly, deliberately also, and an example is called metonymy. A
notorious name becomes a verb, as a weapon.
Phebe’s boyo bemoans her cruelty, and
Rosalind, as dragprince Ganymede says, “She Phebes me,”
meaning, “She cruels me also.” And notorious names
become pronouns. Frederick is duke, and when a question is posed
whose answer requires reference to the previous duke, a
presumptuous clown says, “the old Fred,” meaning,
“the previous duke.” Such talk could cost a head,
though it’s only the adultness of the unplumbably
humorous.
Rosalind and Celia are buddies, chattering
incessantly on- and off-stage concerning people’s most
intimate mannerisms. Rosalind is heroine, light as featheriest
thistledown, selfishly cruel. Celia is more contralto. Each enjoys
entertaining her sister-being with meaningless teasings consistent
with intimacy: they take turns being loved and being rejected,
being taller, being misunderstood, being merry.
Of course there’s a variety of
perspicuity. Oliver, the smart bro, knows Ganymede is a babe in
drag. Orlando is only an innocent skein of muscles, knowing nothing
except the decorative baublings. Jacques understands and cares not
a fig, and bears nobody ugliness.
Jacques is our hero remaining fore because
others find him exhilarating in the pleasantness of his melancholy.
He’s a wise elfin child, a reformed dissipate, personally
unexamined and therefore unchallenging, and they’d not be
untreasured of his fascinating delicacy, useless as he is.
Leo Yankevich
Jared Carter, CROSS THIS BRIDGE AT A WALK, Wind Publications,
600 Overbrook Drive, Nicholasville, KY 40356, 110pps, $15.
Jared Carter is a brave poet. After having given
us Les Barricades Mystérieuses in 1999, a collection of
32 traditionally metered and rhymed villanelles, he offers us a new
book, this time comprised solely of long narratives, 16 to be
precise, most in highly structured vers libre and vers
blanc. In them he guides us, by and large, through US history,
beyond his beloved Hoosierland, beyond Mississinewa county, until
we find ourselves back there again in the new millennium with the
voices of gardeners, Johny Rebs, Shakers, Blackamoors,
pearl-hunters, farm-hands and others still resounding in our heads
amid the endless details he has painted for us, not unlike a
modern-day Henry James who has taken to writing poetry after giving
up the long novel.
Cross this Bridge at a Walk is as
wholesome as an apple pie, as uplifting as a Shaker church, and as
sturdy as a covered Indiana bridge. It is a strong book with many a
vision and story to tell. And yet it is a book of long poems, and
as Edgar Allan Poe observed, hardly any poem can sustain the reader
at a high level of appreciation beyond a hundred lines or so. Often
we find ourselves wishing for more compression, and less detail,
wishing that the tales in the book were not only well-told stories,
but poems with sufficiently charged lines that added a little
cinnamon to the pie, a little baroque ornament to the church, and a
little fancy arch to the bridge. We find ourselves wondering
whether, perhaps, the needed panache might not have come from more
poems in rhyme. Among the 16 in the collection, there is only one
that is both metered and rhymed, a sequence of sonnets.
But perhaps we are asking for too much. Mr
Carter is one of America's finest poets, and this is one of the
finest books of poetry published this year. It is handsomely
printed (and a joy to hold in the hand), although the fonts used
within are a little small for the aging eye.
Contributors’ Notes
Mark Allinson is a teacher and writer, living on the coast south of
Sydney, Australia. Mark has published poems in many small magazines and
e-zines, and has recently published a chapbook at Modern Metrics,
entitled Blue Glass Cities.
William Orem’s collection of stories,
Zombi, You My Love, won the Great Lakes Colleges Association
Award in 2000, formerly given to Louise Erdrich, Sherman Alexie,
Alice Munro, Richard Ford and others. His poetry and fiction have
appeared in over 60 journals, including Sou’Wester, Alaska
Quarterly Review and the Princeton Arts Review, and he
has twice been nominated for the Pushcart Prize.
Leo Yankevich’s poems have recently
appeared in Chronicles, Blue Unicorn, Iambs &
Trochees and Ship of Fools. He lives with his wife and
three sons in Gliwice, Poland.
K.A. Hays’ poetry and verse translations
have appeared most recently in The Hudson Review and
American Literary Review, and are forthcoming in The
Southern Review, Florida Review, New Orleans Review, and other
magazines. She is at work on a first book of poems.
Jared Carter’s poems and stories have
appeared online in Astropoetica, Boheme Magazine, Eclectica,
Melic Review, Plum Ruby Review, Red River Review, The Scream
Online, and Valparaiso Poetry Review. His fourth
collection of poetry, Cross this Bridge at a Walk, is
available from Wind Publications in Kentucky.
Wiley Clements lives in Lewisburg, Pennsylvania,
in retirement after a long career—first as a military
journalist, later as a developer of health maintenance
organizations (HMO’s). His collection of poems, Yesterday
or Long Ago, was published by Clock & Rose Press in July
2004.
Tom Riley has published well over 700 poems in
venues ranging from The Lyric to Light to Anglican
Theological Review. He teaches Classical languages and English
literature in Napa, California.
Sally Cook is a painter and poet who lives in
Silver Creek, New York.
Joel Lamore’s work has most recently been
published in such magazines as The NeoVictorian/Cochlea and
Harp-strings. His poems have also recently appeared in an
anthology of Southern California poets entitled
Wednesday.
David Castleman lives in Dayton, Washington. His
poems, tales, and reviews have appeared in hundreds of small press
magazines since the early 1970s.
Richard O’Connell lives in Hillsboro Beach,
Florida. His poems have appeared in The New Yorker, The Atlantic
Monthly, Margie, National Review, The Texas Review, Acumen, The
Formalist, Light, etc. His most recent collections are
American Obits, Fractals and Dawn Crossing.
Thomas Hawks’ work has appeared previously
in Antioch Review, The Literary Review, the Seneca Review,
Western Humanities Review and Image: A Journal of Religion
and the Arts. He recently completed a Ph.D. in English and
Creative Writing at the University of Utah, and he currently
teaches high school in Plainfield, New Jersey.
Annabelle Moseley is Poet-in-Residence at the
Stevenson Academy of Fine Arts in Oyster Bay, New York. Her poems
have appeared or are forthcoming in such journals as The Texas
Review, The Lyric, Poetry Nottingham International, and The
Seventh Quarry, among others. Birnham Wood Graphics recently
published a chapbook of her poetry entitled The Moon Is A
Lemon.
Joseph S. Salemi teaches in the Department of
Humanities at New York University, and in the Classics Department
of both Hunter College and Brooklyn College, C.U.N.Y. His work has
appeared in over eighty journals and literary magazines in the
United States and in Britain.